Chapter 581: Annotations of the Hundred Schools of Thought

Regarding the matter of gambling on national destiny, Wang Qian was gambling. He was gambling that the Great Ming Suiyuan Chidao would be guaranteed. It was gambling on the long-lasting national destiny of the Great Ming. As long as the Great Ming was prosperous, the tickets for the Suiyuan Chidao he held would soar. If the Great Ming's national destiny was sluggish and all kinds of messy things happened constantly, then the tickets for the Suiyuan Chidao in his hands would be a pile of waste paper, worth nothing.

Back then, Qin Shi Huang built so many Chidao. What is left today? The Great Ming's Chidao also borrowed from the wooden rails of the Qin Chidao, and even the stations and horse-changing of the Chidao were modeled after the Qin system. But the Great Qin Empire fell apart after Qin Shi Huang died, and the Chidao also turned into soil, becoming an inconspicuous silhouette in the long river of history.

Wang Qian was gambling, gambling that the Great Ming Emperor would live a long life, gambling that the ambitious people among the powerful and noble of the Great Ming could not do anything to His Majesty, gambling that the newly promoted military noble group of the Great Ming would not commit crimes with force, gambling that His Majesty would not act rashly and would not commit scandals like Emperor Yingzong's personal expedition, gambling that His Majesty would always be diligent, and gambling that His Majesty could overcome the difficulties of ending well.

These were all things Wang Qian was gambling on. Wang Qian himself compiled a set of investment guides, "The Four Secrets of Wang Qian's Fortune," but that set of investment guides and analysis of valuable tickets actually boiled down to investing in human nature.

Human activities, if you don't invest in human nature, what do you invest in?

And the Japanese country had also started gambling on national destiny. This was not strange. Oda Nobunaga relied on the Great Ming and gambled on the national destiny of the Japanese country. After Oda Nobunaga died, his successor Toyotomi Hideyoshi brazenly launched the war of aggression against Korea, which was also gambling on national destiny, gambling that the Great Ming would not really send troops for Korea, and he gambled twice in a row, and was beaten back by the Great Ming.

Until Toyotomi Hideyoshi died, Tokugawa Ieyasu occupied the position of Shogun, and established the Edo Shogunate.

Tokugawa Ieyasu became the final winner of the Warring States period in the Japanese country.

Mori Terumoto, or rather the Mori family, had always been a strong candidate for the position of Kampaku, person of the world, and Shogun, because Mori Terumoto fought back and forth with Oda Nobunaga, fought back and forth with Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and fought back and forth with Tokugawa Ieyasu. Tokugawa Ieyasu also established the Edo Shogunate after defeating Mori Terumoto.

Mori Terumoto was always short of that one breath, failing to kill his opponent completely and becoming Shogun.

"For small countries, it seems that gambling on national destiny is the only choice." Zhang Juzheng shook his head and said, "But Korea relies on the Great Ming, isn't it doing well? Actually, for small countries, there is also a way of survival."

"In the 'Chapter on Signs of Destruction' of 'Han Feizi,' it says: If a country is small but does not stay humble, if its power is small but it does not fear the strong, if it is rude and insults a large neighbor, if it is greedy and stubborn and clumsy in diplomacy, it can perish."

"Han Feizi, must be read."

Small countries have the survival methods of small countries: existing as a vassal state loyally, swaying left and right in the cracks to seek benefits, or gambling on national destiny, pushing all their lives and lives onto the gambling table, the winner takes all and the loser loses everything.

Being a loyal vassal state can even achieve hereditary succession. Korea was the Joseon Dynasty of the Li family that achieved hereditary succession;

Riding the wall in the cracks requires extremely exquisite political talent and art to eat benefits without completely offending the other party. This tests wisdom. Riding the wall means offending no one, and also means offending everyone.

And gambling on national destiny is also a way of survival. Anyway, the situation is already so bad, how much worse can it be? There are examples of this in the long river of history, that is, Yelang's arrogance. The Yelang Kingdom gambled on national destiny against the Great Han, and then the entire Yelang Kingdom became a title in the history books.

"A great country must never gamble on national destiny. If it is light, it will break its spine; if it is heavy, it will perish. Just like the Northern Song, the monarchs of the late Northern Song were fond of great achievements, and the ministers were arrogant and could not advise. They conspired with the Jin Kingdom to plot against the Liao Kingdom, spent a lot of money to buy the Sixteen Prefectures of Yanyun, but could not defend them. In the end, the world was lost to the heads of the Hu barbarians, and where the iron hooves stepped, there was wailing everywhere." Zhang Juzheng spoke of the harm of a great country gambling on national destiny. He used the Jingkang Incident of the late Northern Song to advise His Majesty.

The Great Ming is the Celestial Empire. Although it is still lagging behind in some places, it is fully qualified to call itself that. The more this is the case, the more it cannot be impatient, and finally give the enemy an opportunity to take advantage of.

The Great Ming is still lagging behind in some places.

For example, the Great Ming cannot call itself the Empire on which the sun never sets, because the sun will still set from the territory of the Great Ming in the vast territory of the Great Ming; for example, the Great Ming is still very conservative in overseas development. The huge experimental field of the Yuanxu Islands has not yet blossomed and borne fruit; for example, in mathematics, the current exploration of the Great Ming is only one step ahead of the West. The mathematics books imported from the West every year still have reference significance for the Great Ming.

In the eleventh year of Wanli, the Great Ming finally achieved a scale lead in wool manufacturing, and the technology of the Great Ming wool official factory is even partially lagging behind the Mesta Association. The horizontal scale is enough, but the vertical scale, time is still too little.

There are still many places that need to struggle.

"I humbly accept the teaching. What sir said, I have benefited a lot." Zhu Yijun thanked him quite solemnly. Whether it was the original historical line or now, Zhang Juzheng, as the Emperor's teacher, was extremely qualified, and could even be said to be excellent.

"Since sir is well-versed in Han Feizi, why not annotate the book 'Han Feizi'? For example, in the 'Chapter on Signs of Destruction' mentioned by sir, there is a sentence: 'If merchants accumulate outside, and the small people are trapped inside, it can perish.' In this sentence, some people annotate the two words 'trapped inside' as advocating private fighting. Its original meaning should be that the people are trapped and unable to continue their lives. Most of the annotations are speculation, far from the truth." Zhu Yijun spoke of the annotation problem of "Han Feizi."

Confucianism in the Central Plains became a prominent school of thought, starting from Emperor Wu of Han's dismissal of the hundred schools and exclusive respect for Confucianism, it has been 1,700 years. Legalist masterpieces like "Han Feizi," let alone annotations, did not disappear, still because the Central Plains dynasties had the habit of collecting books, but the annotations had already been completely changed.

Zhu Yijun's meaning was very clear: he wanted Zhang Juzheng to annotate Legalist, or rather, the works of the hundred schools of thought.

Only when a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend can the national destiny be long-lasting.

The forty-seven articles of "Han Feizi: Signs of Destruction" are full of pearls of wisdom. Every sentence has extremely important reference significance, but it is just that such pearls have been covered in dust in the long river of history for thousands of years.

"Your Majesty, I am a Confucian scholar." Zhang Juzheng also said with some difficulty.

"Is the 'Method of Examination' something a Confucian scholar can do? Is the 'Orderly Official' also a proposition of Confucianism? Sir, I am sir's disciple. What sir says and does is not that of a Confucian scholar. Many things sir does are things that Confucian scholars firmly oppose. Sir, I am already twenty-two years old this year, not a child. Does sir think that a sentence of 'Confucian scholar' can deceive a child?" Zhu Yijun indicated that he had grown up and was not easy to fool!

If there are no Legalist scholars and assistants inside, and no enemy countries and foreign troubles outside, the country will always perish.

Regarding the attitude toward the perishing of the country, Confucianism avoids talking about it. After all, in the Confucian Great Harmony world, it is a world with distinct order, orderly, and everyone in their place and doing their duty. In such an orderly world, how could the country perish? Then the dynasty perishes, it perishes. Emperors take turns, and families pass on forever.

Still taking the Chapter on Signs of Destruction as an example, Wang Guoguang mentioned that the powerful and noble of the Great Ming dynasty seem to be transferring wealth outward, thereby avoiding the unfree laws of the dynasty and obtaining true, absolute freedom. The things Wang Guoguang worried about are also reflected in the Chapter on Signs of Destruction.

If traveling scholars accumulate wealth outside, if they are reused above, and interfere with people's affairs below, it can perish.

Zhu Yijun tried to annotate this article: Foreign traveling scholars, they deposit a large amount of money abroad but are reused, can participate in national secrets above, and can interfere with people's affairs below, the dynasty may perish.

This is what Wang Guoguang is worried about, and it is also among the forty-seven things in the Chapter on Signs of Destruction. Every one of these things is worth being vigilant about.

Zhu Yijun hoped that Zhang Juzheng could formally abandon the identity of a Confucian scholar, pick up the wisdom of his ancestors, and continue to shine on the path forward for the Great Ming.

Zhang Juzheng did not respond, but fell silent. This was not the first time His Majesty had made such a request, but he had never agreed to it before, or rather, he had not formally annotated the masterpieces of the hundred schools of thought. Zhang Juzheng just read them himself, and after reading them, lectured to His Majesty, and had never personally annotated them.

Zhu Xi annotated the Four Books and Five Classics and became the Sage Zhu. If Zhang Juzheng could complete the annotation of the masterpieces of the hundred schools of thought, he would also be the Sage Zhang.

Zhu Yijun was building this memorial archway for Zhang Juzheng!

"Your Majesty, I cannot open a government office to do this. I am the Senior Grand Secretary. This is giving people a handle." Zhang Juzheng could lecture the Emperor on Legalist, Mohist, Daoist, and other academic works, but he could not lead people to annotate the classics of the hundred schools of thought.

Because he is the Senior Grand Secretary, once he opens a government office, even if it is just compiling books, it will be regarded as rebellion.

The reason why a Prime Minister is a Prime Minister is because a Prime Minister can open a government office, select his own subordinates, and handle military and national affairs. Even if it is just compiling books, it will be regarded by court officials as Zhang Juzheng planning to usurp power, even if Zhang Juzheng had once been a regent, but he had never opened a government office, violating the ancestral law of Zhu Yuanzhang abolishing the Prime Minister.

Now the Great Ming Collected Statutes he is compiling also use the Hanlin Academy and the Imperial Academy, using the existing yamen of the Great Ming.

Annotating the hundred schools of thought, using the Hanlin Academy and the Imperial Academy, which have been completely occupied by Confucian scholars, is simply not feasible. It requires opening another government office. This is where the contradiction lies.

"Actually, it can be flexible." Zhu Yijun said with a complex face.

Zhang Juzheng looked at His Majesty with a bitter smile. He shook his head and said, "Your Majesty, this really cannot be flexible. Any form of opening a government office should be regarded as rebellion."

"Your Majesty, Taizu abolished the Zhongshu Province, not simply because of the Hu Weiyong case, but because during the Hu Yuan period, those prime ministers successively caused chaos in the court, so he learned from the pain and abolished the Zhongshu Province, and abolished the Prime Minister forever."

"The Senior Grand Secretary is just the Senior Grand Secretary, the Senior Grand Secretary is not the Prime Minister."

Zhu Yijun immediately said, "Then what about the Quanchu Guild Hall and the Quanjin Guild Hall? Aren't they also equivalent to opening a government office?"

Zhang Hong missed, the Zhongshu Secretary had already gone to the toilet. His Majesty and Mr. Zhang's discussion gradually became bold. Recording the discussion on gambling on national destiny was fine, the later chat didn't need to be recorded. The Emperor also had to have some privacy.

Zhu Yijun and Zhang Juzheng's discussion was very bold. These were topics that the Great Ming could not touch. His Majesty and sir were not old men drinking big bowls of cold tea in the streets and commenting on state affairs. His Majesty's discussion was aimed at changing the status quo, which was the most fatal thing.

The Great Ming Emperor expressed his doubts: What is the difference between the Quanchu Guild Hall, the Quanjin Guild Hall, and opening a government office? What is the difference between the teacher and those prime ministers who opened government offices?

Annotating the masterpieces of the hundred schools and injecting them into the imperial examination to complete the counterattack against the monopoly of power by Confucianism was Zhu Yijun digging the ancestral graves of the base scholars.

"Opening a government office means selecting one's own subordinates to handle affairs. The Great Ming teacher is more of a forced personal attachment and cannot handle affairs. If you want to obtain an official position, you must pass the imperial examination. The Ministry of Personnel, starting from the thirteenth year of Zhengtong, abolished the method of recommendation by ministers, which was to avoid the emergence of unscrupulous prime ministers again under the increasingly rampant literary and martial arts."

"Your Majesty, Lin Fucheng, Lin Fucheng being able to obtain an official position is His Majesty's special favor." Zhang Juzheng gave a very realistic example. The guild hall of the teacher system cannot handle affairs. Giving an official position, if you cannot pass the Juren and Jinshi examinations, the official position is still a natural chasm.

"The only one who can be called opening a government office is Hu Zongxian. Hu Zongxian's former staff members Xu Wei, Mao Kun, etc., all obtained official positions because they were Hu Zongxian's staff members for pacifying Japanese pirates. This is also one of the reasons why he was later pursued by Xu Jie. Of course, Xu Jie's pursuit of Hu Zongxian was mainly for the counterattack against the Yan Party." Zhang Juzheng explained why Hu Zongxian's treason charge could be established.

At that time, whether Hu Zongxian was involved in treason in the court, besides the false imperial decree, was his opening of a government office. When this discussion had no results, Xu Jie took action, letting Hu Zongxian die in prison, making it a fait accompli.

Of course, now Xu Jie has also been personally beheaded by the Emperor.

"Sir's words are reasonable." Zhu Yijun recognized Zhang Juzheng's statement. Although Zhang Juzheng is the Senior Grand Secretary and Minister of Personnel, every personnel appointment is a result of extremely fierce competition. Core disciples like Liang Menglong also have to go to Suiyuan to obtain the merit of conquering Andan before they can be recognized by everyone.

And until now, Liang Menglong, this Minister of Personnel, is not sitting very securely. On weekdays, he also appears as the image of Zhang Juzheng's assistant official.

The Quanjin Guild Hall and the Quanchu Guild Hall are not equivalent to the Prime Minister's yamen. The boundary between them is still selecting one's own staff to handle affairs. "So, translating the works of the hundred schools of thought can only be done by me personally?" Zhu Yijun spread his hands and said, "Where do I have that time?"

Zhu Yijun was really busy. Among the emperors of the Great Ming, his diligence ranked second only to Taizu Gao Emperor, but he really didn't have time to do this.

On the matter of diligence, except for Zhu Yuanzhang, Zhu Yijun could say with full confidence: Who else!

"Your Majesty, Wan Shihe, the Cabinet Minister Wan, is the most suitable candidate." Zhang Juzheng recommended a candidate, Wan Shihe.

No matter how you look at it, Wan Shihe is the most suitable candidate. He is the Emperor's party, and he is a sycophant who flatters the Emperor and will be swallowed alive by court officials once he leaves the Emperor's favor; he reads a lot of books and is familiar with various historical materials; his power is not great. If he changed Wang Chonggu to open a government office, Zhang Juzheng would only fight to the death to stop him;

This is the reason why Wan Shihe is suitable, because Wan Shihe does not hold power, so there is no risk. Wan Shihe has neither financial power, nor military power, nor personnel appointment power.

"Indeed, then proclaim Cabinet Minister Wan to see me." Zhu Yijun thought carefully, Wan Shihe is really suitable.

Wan Shihe, who was working diligently in the Wenyuan Pavilion, met Feng Bao. After hearing the ins and outs of the matter, he pointed to himself in disbelief and said, "Me?"

Can this heaven-defying merit fall from the sky like this?!

"Yes, Grand Secretary Wan, recommended by sir." Feng Bao said very confidently.

When Wan Shihe arrived at the Imperial Study of Tonghe Palace, he was still a bit dizzy. Until His Majesty personally inquired and appointed him as the president of "Compilation of the Hundred Schools of Thought," Wan Shihe was still a bit confused. He said blankly, "How did this heaven-defying merit fall on my head?"

Facing such merit, Wan Shihe lost all his cultivation and became straightforward.

This is an act of rebellion and overturning the heavens in the eyes of Confucian scholars, but in Wan Shihe's eyes, this is merit. His Majesty requires a hundred flowers to bloom and a hundred schools of thought to contend, but the reality is still that the Confucian scholars of the Great Ming dominate, and only the small flames of agriculture and engineering are burning. "Compilation of the Hundred Schools of Thought" is adding bricks and tiles to this flame.

Once "Compilation of the Hundred Schools of Thought" is completed, Wan Shihe will be the greatest sinner in the eyes of the traditional conservative faction and the greatest hero of the reformist faction.

"Grand Secretary Wan can think about it himself, and he will know." Zhu Yijun said with a smile. Only Wan Shihe is suitable. This can also be considered Zhu Yijun's lack of available people in civil official matters. Those who can be used are all in important positions.

"This matter is simple. Find some Confucian scholars to annotate together, and I will be responsible for the axe-correction." Wan Shihe had already begun to think about how to execute it.

Zhang Juzheng reminded with some incomprehension, "Opening a government office, Grand Secretary Wan will stand on the cusp of the storm."

"No need to give an official position. It is not easy to find a two-legged toad in the Great Ming, but aren't there two-legged readers all over the streets?" Wan Shihe didn't understand why Zhang Juzheng kept raising this matter to the height of opening a government office. In Wan Shihe's view, finding some correctors could finish the matter.

"Strive for perfection, a difference of a hair's breadth leads to a thousand miles of error." Zhang Juzheng looked at Wan Shihe and said solemnly, "Grand Secretary Wan, think carefully."

The matter is much more difficult than Wan Shihe thought. This is the horn of counterattack against the base scholars. To make people fight for their lives and charge into battle, one must give them official positions, give them enough benefits, and also be independent of the current bureaucratic system like the Royal Academy of Engineering to prevent too much resistance, leading to failure before success.

Simple annotation is of course easy, but it is very difficult to prevent the base scholars from infiltrating and tampering with "Compilation of the Hundred Schools of Thought."

Wan Shihe realized the difficulty of this matter.

"Don't worry, take your time. Grand Secretary Wan, follow your own ideas first, and annotate "Compilation of the Hundred Schools of Thought" first. This is opening up the battlefield. As long as the battlefield is opened, I have plenty of time to play with them slowly." Zhu Yijun signaled Wan Shihe not to be too anxious, easy first and then difficult. Zhu Yijun has time, he is still very young.

"I obey the decree." Wan Shihe finally accepted this task.

The Great Ming New Deal, the Wanli Reform, is like the Qiantang tide, mighty and mighty. Everyone is under this torrent, and some people are because of ability, such as Zhang Juzheng, Wang Chonggu, and some are because of luck, such as Wan Shihe, standing on the crest of the tide. They stand on the crest of the tide, with infinite scenery, and infinite danger.

After Zhang Juzheng and Wan Shihe discussed the departure of the compilation, Zhu Yijun opened the memorials.

Wang Guoguang of the Ministry of Revenue conducted a further investigation into the Mill Case. Production, storage, processing, and sales, these four aspects, processing is the easiest to form a monopoly. Wang Guoguang also mentioned in the memorial a small matter mentioned by Lin Fucheng in "Carefree Anecdotes" before, the grain-winnowing machine in the farmer's house was abandoned. Combining the two, one can get an answer. This is a universal tacit understanding among the meat-eaters.

Through the monopoly of production materials and tools, one can achieve an absolute dominant position in production relations.

"I have already let the Southern Yamen Embroidered Uniform Guard raid their homes. Since I have already established power, it is time to solve the problem." Zhu Yijun held the memorial of the Ministry of Revenue and said with a smile, "The Minister and Vice Minister also have no good way, they can only resort to official factory group manufacturing."

Official factory group manufacturing produces enough machinery. Only when the price of machinery is low enough for the people to afford, can this monopoly established by relying on production tools be broken.

The Ministry of Revenue also has no good way. The only way is production.

What is interesting is that in the theory of the absolute liberal faction, there is no such thing as high-quality and inexpensive things in the world, because what regulates the relationship between supply and demand is profit. When the profit of a commodity is low to a certain point, no one will do it. In this way, supply decreases, profit rises, and production scale will be maintained. Without human intervention, only sufficient profit can guarantee production.

That invisible hand has no mysterious color. It is just the two words "profit." "Six Strategies Proverbs" says: The world is bustling, all for profit; the world is bustling, all for profit. This is already a proverb from the pre-Qin period, which is not fresh, but the expression is slightly different.

But the Great Ming has a reality-existing business that is slapping these stupid people in the face, that is, coal at six wen a catty. Even if it is honeycomb coal with 20% yellow soil added, it still satisfies the daily life of the two million people in the capital of the Great Ming at a cheap price.

During the Northern Song period, a catty of coal in Kaifeng Prefecture was two hundred wen.

Small profits but quick turnover is also a business method, and Wang Chonggu practiced the feasibility of this model.

Memorials, memorials that cannot be approved. Except for the vacation, Zhu Yijun faced a mountain of memorials. Every one had to be read, even if the Zhongshu Secretary marked it as unimportant greetings, the Cabinet pasted blank floating tickets, and the Ceremonial Department checked and thought it had no value to read, but the Emperor still diligently finished reading every memorial.

"Very good, very good. Now the memorials can basically follow the four-step approach to write. It looks much easier." Zhu Yijun finally finished reading all the memorials piled up during the New Year, stretched hard, and affirmed the changes of the group of ministers. Compared with the first year of Wanli, that kind of long-winded, thousands of words, with no real business, the memorials now have become much more refined, mainly talking about things.

The eight-legged essay during the Wanli period is phenomenon, problem, cause, and disposal method. This four-step eight-legged essay is the most basic seeking truth from facts, the most basic practice of reality. Such memorials look much less tired than before, and there is no need to dig for gold in the shit. For Zhu Yijun, it is a very good improvement.

Negligence is impossible, so we must work hard on the norms of memorials.

Zhu Yijun allows court officials to reason and explain why they want to do this, but the length should not exceed a thousand words.

"Your Majesty, Prince De asks Your Majesty to go to the Royal Academy of Things when you are busy." Feng Bao said in a low voice. His Majesty likes to watch excitement, and also likes strange skills and techniques, or rather, machinery.

That hydraulic mechanical arm, His Majesty played with it for many days, and under the request of the eldest son Zhu Changzhi, it finally reached the eldest son, because the Royal Academy of Things sent more than a dozen mechanical arms to the palace.

"Go and take a look." As soon as Zhu Yijun heard it, he immediately became energetic and immediately went to the Royal Academy of Things.

The young eunuch ran very fast and reported to Prince De in advance. His Majesty arrived in person, and then the Royal Academy of Things moved immediately inside and outside. When the Emperor's uncle Zhu Zaiyu came from the study to the downstairs to greet him, the vigorous His Majesty had already arrived at the Sutra Library of the Academy of Things.

"See His Majesty, is His Majesty's holy body safe?" Zhu Zaiyu hurriedly bowed to greet him.

"Uncle, you are too polite. I am safe, please rise." Zhu Yijun said with a smile, "Uncle, have you tinkered with any new gadgets again?"

"I haven't tinkered with any new gadgets. Just those things, hydraulic printing machine manufacturing, steam engine improvement, steam turbine research and development, His Majesty knows them all. I am ashamed, and there is no progress worth taking to His Majesty to claim credit." Zhu Zaiyu said with a face of shame and hurriedly pleaded guilty.

Zhu Yijun still smiled and said, "Technological progress has never been achieved overnight. I know. Then why did Uncle call me here? Is it short of silver? Feng Da, call the inner treasury eunuch Cui Min."

Just a steam engine, all the Five Classics Doctors inside and outside the Royal Academy of Things eating idle rice for a lifetime is worth it.

"Your Majesty, I am not short of money. I will show Your Majesty something." Zhu Zaiyu hurriedly stopped His Majesty. The Royal Academy of Things is really not short of money.

"Not short of money." Zhu Yijun was a little disappointed. Inside and outside the Great Ming, it is not very short of money, making Zhu Yijun, who sits on a mountain of silver, unable to show off his wealth.

"Your Majesty, please follow me." Zhu Zaiyu took His Majesty to a workshop. Zhu Yijun had been here many times. It was a laboratory. All kinds of strange experiments were carried out here.

"Your Majesty, we have been seeking a standard to reflect heat. Later, we used the coke used to raise water by one degree as 1. It is the pot in front of His Majesty. In order to minimize errors, we used a pot that is relatively strange." Zhu Zaiyu stood in front of a boiler like an alchemy furnace.

Zhu Zaiyu introduced the boiler in detail, with a vacuum insulation layer between the inner liner and the outer wall to prevent heat loss.

"We found that letting water rise by one degree is 1 unit of coke, letting iron rise by one degree only needs 0.1, letting copper rise by one degree is 0.09, letting mud rise by one degree is 0.13, and letting mercury rise by one degree only needs 0.03. Your Majesty, this looks a bit complicated." Zhu Zaiyu wished he had ten thousand mouths, it was a bit difficult to understand.

"Ah, this is the same as specific gravity. Isn't this specific heat? Water as the standard, iron, copper, mud, mercury have different ones, among which mercury is the lowest, and the heat it can contain is only 0.03 of water. Is this difficult to understand?" Zhu Yijun said very calmly.

Zhu Zaiyu is taking water as the standard, defining specific heat capacity, the heat capacity of unit mass substance.

"Your Majesty is truly too suitable to be a Five Classics Doctor!" Zhu Zaiyu clapped his hands, extremely excited. Talking to His Majesty is so easy!

"Then, what specific problem does studying this specific heat capacity explain?" Zhu Yijun asked curiously. ===== CHAPTER 582 =====