Chapter 636: Hence Hai Rui Resigns

Lin Fucheng and Li Zhi, these two liberals, discussed that people can only gain freedom if they are not exploited. The exploitation they discussed not only exists in production, but also in life. The commercialization of basic survival needs such as clothing, food, housing, transportation, housing supply, medical care, education, water supply, and domestic waste treatment leads to a decrease in the income that producers can freely dispose of, since the meat-eaters have plundered more wealth from clothing, food, housing, and transportation.

The battlefield against exploitation should not be concentrated on the fairness of the labor market and the ownership of the means of production, but should also look at the rights that people must possess and obtain.

This is the limited freedom of Lin Fucheng and Li Zhi. Zhu Yijun highly recognized the theory of limited freedom.

Lin Fucheng and Li Zhi started from Jiang Wei, to the holy emperor and wise ministers could not save the world, to the need for ten thousand people to work together, and the need for the common people in all directions to obtain freedom to realize it. The logic is extremely clear.

The water boss of the water nest usually distinguishes water into sweet water wells and bitter water wells. Sweet water wells supply meat-eaters, and bitter water wells supply the poor and laborers. A bucket of water from a bitter water well sells for 6 wen, and a bucket of sweet water also sells for 6 wen, because the water boss wants to use sweet water to bribe meat-eaters, maintain his monopoly on the water wells in this area, maintain the high price of bitter water wells, and maintain his profits.

For example, the Wucheng Military and Horse Division will ban the digging of wells in the city. Once discovered, they will be backfilled, and even make things difficult for the servants, because the water bosses will give a tribute to the captains of the Wucheng Military and Horse Division to maintain their status. The benefits are not as simple as a bucket of sweet water; the tribute is the benefit.

The water nest is the water boss, and there is also the dung boss, the dung road master.

Another most obvious one is education.

Before the establishment of Hongwu, in Yan'an Prefecture, there were three departments and sixteen counties, with only four Confucian schools. After the edict of "establishing schools in counties" in the second year of Hongwu, by the seventeenth year of Hongwu, a total of 20 Confucian schools were built.

In Beiping Prefecture (Shuntian Prefecture), there was 1 prefecture, 4 departments, and 21 counties, with only 8 Confucian schools. By the seventeenth year of Hongwu, Shuntian Prefecture had added 21 more.

In the Xuande period, Hu Ying presented a memorial saying: "Since the beginning of the Hongwu period, the country has established schools, with the Imperial Academy inside and schools outside. The method of teaching and nurturing is very complete."

In April of the seventeenth year of Hongwu, the founding Emperor Taizu issued another edict: "Establish a Confucian school in the Minzhou Guard Military and Civilian Command, with one professor and four instructors." In the same year, in the leap tenth month, the Liaodong Regional Military Commission established a Confucian school.

During this period, there was a wind of Confucian scholars clamoring that "there is no need to build schools on the border, because the people on the border cannot be civilized." Zhu Yuanzhang was very angry and issued a long imperial decree, refuting it on the grounds that "the teachings of the sages are everywhere," and scolded the Confucian scholars for not being willing to go to the border to suffer, which is why they were so noisy. 【Note 1】

Starting from the seventeenth year of Hongwu, the Ming military colony guards began to build schools. For thirteen years, they unswervingly established Confucian schools in the military colony guards.

The Confucian schools in the military colony guards were established according to the system of prefectural schools, and the specifications of the Confucian schools in prefectures, departments, counties, and military colony guards were exactly the same.

With such large-scale school construction, where did the teachers come from?

In the eighth year of Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang issued an edict ordering the officials of the Censorate to select students from the Imperial Academy to teach in the north. In March of that year, 366 students including Lin Boyun were selected from the Imperial Academy, given food and clothing, and sent away.

This was the reason why Confucian scholars opposed the construction of schools in the military colony guards on the border, because there were no teachers. With Zhu Yuanzhang's personality, he would definitely select from the Imperial Academy, and in the end, it was the Confucian scholars who suffered.

Starting from the Xuande period, the Confucian schools in the military colony guards began to die out because teachers fled and students decreased.

Through Hongwu, Yongle, Hongxi, Xuande, and Zhengtong, by the fifth year of Jingtai, it was already "there is only the name of a school, but no students to nurture. There are many such Confucian schools on the borders. They should all be abolished to save unnecessary expenses." Finally, an imperial decree was issued to abolish the border guard Confucian schools.

The prefectural and county schools were also dying out. Of the 29 Confucian schools in Shuntian Prefecture, only 7 were still in use, and the rest were abandoned.

Along with the abandonment of prefectural and county schools and guard Confucian schools, private schools and academies in the Ming Dynasty sprang up like mushrooms after rain, and the tuition became expensive. But it was not just that the tuition was expensive; the Chinese people who valued education would smash pots and sell iron to provide for their children to study.

However, the invisible threshold of worshiping famous scholars as teachers was the most important.

Lin Fucheng's proposal to build craftsmen into a noble class, with social status equal to that of scholar-officials, while controlling the means of production, also had the possibility of upward mobility, becoming official-selected officials, and influencing the direction of the Ming ship.

That is, the ruling class.

"Indeed, it cannot be done now." Lin Fucheng admitted quite definitely that what he said was just a mirror in the mirror. He looked at everyone and said: "If it cannot be done, it will inevitably fail."

Zhu Yijun no longer asked questions. Lin Fucheng was an opinion basket. He did not need practical practice. His words and opinions were always full of unrealistic idealism.

What is interesting is: Lin Fucheng started from the perspective of human nature being inherently evil and using rules to restrain the evil of human nature.

If you look at this problem from the Confucian and Mencian way of human nature being inherently good, human nature is inherently good. When there is no worry about food and clothing, morality will naturally become noble. The military colony system, government-run factory cooperatives, engineering corps, guard Confucian schools, prefectural and county schools, and the collective ownership economy of the Hongyuan Dyeing Workshop will all inevitably succeed. There is no need to discuss, to restrain.

Li Zhi saw that the atmosphere was too serious and said: "Recently, a bear appeared in Suiyuan, that is, Xiong Tingbi. Xiong Tingbi was both civil and military, talented and studious, but when he was in his hometown, Xiong Tingbi could only herd cattle for landlords. His family was poor and he had no books to read, could not worship teachers, and could not go to school. In the end, relying on his strength, he went to the Prince Lu's mansion to be a guard."

"After being appreciated by His Majesty, he went to the Quanchu Assembly Hall to study, and the strong wind rose, soaring up to 90,000 miles!"

"A few days ago, there was a rebellion of tribes south of the Yin Mountains, gathering more than a thousand people in the mountains and forests. Xiong Tingbi went to ask what was going on alone, and learned that it was because of the wolf disaster that they could not continue. Xiong Tingbi killed three tigers alone and destroyed seven wolf dens! It is breathtaking!"

When Zhu Yijun heard Li Zhi say this, his eyes went dark.

The truth of the matter is not like this.

There were indeed rumors of tribal rebellion. Xiong Tingbi did not go alone. He took 120 archers from the Inspection Division with him. When he arrived, the tribal chieftain saw that it was Xiong Tingbi and did not dare to underestimate him, explaining the reason. It was not a rebellion, but that the wolf disaster made people unable to live.

The matter of three tigers and seven wolf dens is indeed true, but it was not Xiong Tingbi alone, but the credit of 120 archers together.

Now there are two rumors on the grasslands. The first is the story between the Emperor and the Third Lady; the second is Xiong Tingbi's strength.

These two rumors cannot even be refuted. One is getting darker the more it is described, and the other is that Xiong Tingbi is indeed powerful. Although the rumors are slightly fabricated and exaggerated, killing horse bandits and destroying wolf dens are all true.

Li Zhi told the story of Xiong Da galloping on the grasslands, actually to explain Lin Fucheng's words. Humble origin is not a shame.

If you want the Ming to become better, you need to try every means to select talents, put these talented people in suitable positions, and let them shine.

The atmosphere became more relaxed. Some Confucian scholars began to ask questions tit-for-tat. The atmosphere of the gathering began to tend to be a battle of wits, and Li Zhi was putting out fires everywhere. Sometimes, Lin Fucheng's speech was still too bold.

The third lecture on the alienation of people by money, the universal existence of exploitation, ended in an unfriendly atmosphere.

Lin Fucheng and Li Zhi came to the private room. After everyone greeted each other, Zhu Yijun said with an extremely strange expression: "Master Lin, this year's autumn examination in the eighth month, Shuntian Prefecture has 1,200 scholars. Guess how many scholars the three-level schools of Xishan Coal Bureau, Yongding, and Yongfeng Woolen Mills passed?"

The Shuntian Prefecture examination is the most difficult. This year, the Shuntian Prefecture examination had more than 10,000 candidates, ten people competing for one spot, and there was no lack of tribute students, supervisory students, and families of poetry and music from all over the country.

The wealthy households in Xitucheng who moved to enrich the capital were also an important force for reference.

The three major government-run factories in the capital naturally also participated in the examination to seek the fame of scholars. If they pass the scholar examination this year, they can take the provincial examination next year, and the imperial examination the year after.

"Twenty?" Lin Fucheng asked tentatively.

"Two hundred, to be precise, 203." Zhu Yijun shook his head and told Lin Fucheng an extremely shocking number. It was not scholars from the craftsman household, but scholars from the resident craftsmen, which exceeded two hundred.

"Damn!" Lin Fucheng couldn't believe it, and even lost the gentleness of a scholar, directly swearing.

The autumn examination starting in August needs to be graded and filled in the list until the beginning of September, so most people don't know the results yet. But as a wealthy son of the powerful gentry, it is very reasonable to know in advance.

After grading, it is necessary to open the inner dragon gate of the tribute courtyard. The supervisors, adjusters, external supervisors, chief examiners, co-examiners, and all the staff began to remove the pasted names. The outer gate of the tribute courtyard is absolutely not allowed to be opened. Removing the pasted names and filling in the list takes three or five days.

Zhu Yijun had already obtained the list. There were 203 scholars from resident craftsmen.

"The children are striving." Zhu Yijun said with great emotion.

"This is too striving. There are only 1,200 scholars in total, and the three major government-run factories occupied 200 seats?" Li Zhi also said with an unbelievable face: "Is the Wang Wang Cifu the reincarnation of the Wenqu Star?! Can you pass the examination by worshiping the Wang Wang Cifu?"

"Well, the craftsmen of the government-run factories also think that the Wang Wang Cifu is the reincarnation of the Wenqu Star." Zhu Yijun said with a smile. Before the examination, they always worship something, and Wang Chonggu became that spiritual sustenance.

Expecting the scholar-officials who farm in the imperial manor to pass the imperial examination is not as good as expecting these children of resident craftsmen. At least the craftsman disciples really want to study, and there is no lack of intelligent people.

"Because now the Shuntian Prefecture examination and provincial examination have to take mathematics. In this regard, the three-level schools of government-run factories have a great advantage." Zhu Yijun explained why there were so many people.

The three-level schools of the Ming teach mathematics, which is part of the national policy of "degree through".

But the private schools and some academies of the Ming do not teach mathematics, because those traditional Confucian scholars themselves do not know mathematics.

The reason why Zhu Yijun told Lin Fucheng this news was also very simple. Lin Fucheng's proposal to make craftsmen part of the ruling class was actually already going on quietly.

Zhu Yijun chatted with Lin Fucheng, Li Zhi, and others for a long time, and finally ended today's gathering and returned to the Tonghe Palace.

The Ming Emperor is always very busy. After watching the fun and relaxing, he picked up the memorials again and began to review them.

The Ming Minister of Personnel Liang Menglong and the Viceroy of Sea Transport Wang Zongmu jointly presented a memorial, speaking of the sea transport of grain.

The sea transport of grain was mentioned by the Grand Secretary Qiu Jun in the Chenghua period. Since then, the call to restore the sea transport of grain in the Yuan Dynasty has been endless until the Chongzhen period. But most scholars mentioned sea transport, but avoided the risks and costs of sea transport. The discussion often floated on the surface, and more of it was a proposition put forward out of their own interests or positions.

It is just talking about the mind and nature with hands in sleeves.

And Liang Menglong and Wang Zongmu, two people, really did it in the Longqing period. Others were just talking, they were practicing.

The first experiment, the sea transport from Huai'an to Tianjin Wei, went very smoothly. Just when they planned to show their ambitions and continue to do this, the grain ship capsized, and all the grain drifted away.

The sea transport of grain, which was supposed to stop there, started again in the Wanli period, under the support of the Emperor and Zhang Juzheng, and under the general trend of opening the sea.

The four million shi of grain in Jiangnan, in the seventh year of Wanli, completely turned into sea transport, and the transport capacity of the river channel was completely released. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, the main artery of the capital, regained its vitality.

Six years of sea transport of grain accumulated a lot of experience, including management, cost control, maritime risk, maritime insurance, etc., all of which were fully explained.

"It turns out that a sea transport grain ship can only hold 600 shi?" Zhu Yijun looked at the memorial and realized how difficult Wang Zongmu and Liang Menglong were at the beginning.

"At that time, Liang Menglong and Wang Zongmu were attacked by court officials. Wang Zongmu came to the capital to find the master to lobby that the sea transport of grain could not be stopped, and was scolded by the master. Sigh." Feng Bao talked about the past, because the grain ship capsized and drifted, there was an infighting within the Zhang party.

"Oh?" Zhu Yijun showed curiosity about gossip.

Wang Zongmu scolded Zhang Juzheng for not supporting the sea transport of grain as a traitor. Such a money-saving thing, for the financially difficult country, was a great thing. Zhang Juzheng explained that it was originally trying to turn the tide, but the ship capsized, so he had to wait.

In the end, neither convinced the other, and the two sides parted on bad terms.

The biggest resistance to the sea transport of grain came from the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal itself. The Ming had formed a set of stable political and economic ecology around the river channel. Rashly changing the law would cause a great impact on the prefectures and counties along the river. Millions of grain workers depended on it for food and clothing.

Zhang Juzheng, who was not yet the First Assistant at that time, had no energy to continue to support the sea transport of grain, but Wang Zongmu still scolded Zhang Juzheng as a traitor.

In the fourth year of Longqing, there were 436 ships for sea transport from Huai'an to Tianjin Wei. Each ship cost 290 taels of silver. A total of 120,000 taels of silver were spent to build ships for sea transport of grain. Each ship transported 600 shi of grain, and each transport cost about 30,000 silver.

Compared with the terrifying expenditure of the river channel, 30,000 silver is really not much. The carrying capacity of one sea ship is equal to two river ships, but the freight is less than one-fourth.

Moreover, the river channel occupies the waterway for four months a year to transport grain, and the cost of transporting one shi of grain to the capital is as high as three shi due to various reasons on the road. The sea transport greatly reduced the freight.

And now, in the twelfth year of Wanli, a grain ship can hold 3,000 shi. Similarly, there are 600 sea transport ships. That is to say, it only takes two or three trips to transport the fixed 4 million shi of grain to the capital, and the freight is only about 90,000 taels of silver.

Most importantly, on the way back from Tianjin Wei to Songjiang Prefecture, the grain ships were not empty, but full of coke. By the way, the grain ships made a profit in the tenth year of Wanli.

In the eleventh year of Wanli, the Viceroy of Sea Transport Wang Zongmu handed over a profit of 13,000 taels of silver to the court.

Can the ship loaded with coke be directly loaded with grain? The grain for His Majesty the Emperor, with coke inside, are the Viceroy of Sea Transport and the Songjiang Navy not wanting to live?

Naturally not, because the grain is loaded in grain boxes, the Taiyue boxes invented by Zhang Juzheng himself.

"Wang Zongmu said that the Ming's sea transport technology for grain is mature and can basically guarantee the military grain supply for the Ming navy's expedition to Japan." Zhu Yijun saw the end of the memorial and realized that he had read a map of the Yan State. This last sentence was the real purpose.

Discussing the history of the Ming's sea transport of grain, discussing the difficulties of sea transport, discussing change, all were for this sentence: the Ming's ability to transport grain by sea can guarantee the logistics supply for the expedition to Japan.

The Ming court had two routes when discussing the total destruction of Japan. One was Korea, Tsushima Island, and Japan, which was the land route; the other was Ryukyu, Nagasaki, and Japan, which was the sea route.

And these two routes, for the Ming, the land route was more suitable, because there was no need to worry about the impact of hydrology and logistics.

But the King of Korea did not intend to be an offline king. The land route encountered huge resistance. On the sea route, the Viceroy of Sea Transport Wang Zongmu said that the Emperor could boldly conquer, and he could guarantee the logistics supply with his head.

Zhu Yijun issued a vermilion rescript on this memorial. His reply was: The Invincible Armada is not invincible.

Philip II attacked the English mainland and annexed Portugal, just to minimize the risk. He did it four times and lost to the weather and hydrology, losing to the point that his own home was occupied by the English, locked in the Mediterranean, unable to move.

Zhu Yijun did not intend to take military risks.

Last time, Zhu Yijun asked the King of Korea to come to the capital to apologize, but soon there was no news. The King of Korea accepted that he could only pay tribute once a year, and was unwilling to take the risk to come to the Ming. As a Celestial Empire, the Ming naturally had the magnanimity of a great power, but the scholars of the Ming, with a turn of their eyes, had an idea.

Zhu Yijun received a memorial of apology from Li Chengliang, because the Ming's development in Liaodong became more and more difficult after reaching Jilin. The reason was nothing else, it was cold.

In the Northeast of the Little Ice Age, especially north of Jilin, it was really cold all year round. Crops could not grow stably, which became the biggest obstacle to development.

Li Chengliang tried several times to build post stations, camps, and reclaim land in places north of Jilin, but they all ended in failure.

"In the words of the Marquis of Ningyuan, it is so cold here now that even Siberian tigers don't live there." Zhu Yijun held the memorial in his hand with a smile. In order to objectively describe the cold in the Northeast at this time, Li Chengliang used the Siberian tiger as an example.

The bitter cold north of Jilin drove away the Siberian tigers. The Siberian tigers migrated eastward to Shuangcheng Guard. Because it was close to the ocean, Shuangcheng Guard only had a four-month freezing period. The freezing period of Shuangcheng Guard was two months less than the hinterland far away from the huge water body.

Zhu Yijun knew how to farm. He knew very well that places with a frost-free period of less than 140 days could not carry out agricultural production in the current Ming. If they could not carry out agricultural production, they could not develop. This was not Li Chengliang's incompetence. If Zhu Yijun went to Liaodong, facing this cold, he could only be blind.

"Inform the tribes north of Jilin to report the tribe and population to Jilin on time, and open mutual markets to provide for the survival of the barbarians." Zhu Yijun issued an edict, allowing these people outside the civilization to go to Jilin for mutual markets and exchange daily necessities.

This way of ruling is very common in the Ming, called Jimi.

The Single Whip Law promoted by Shen Shixing in Songjiang Prefecture was implemented smoothly, and the expressways in the four counties of Songjiang Prefecture have also made substantial progress. Shen Shixing, this "old good man," lost his temper directly, making everyone in Songjiang Prefecture feel insecure. Finally, within the deadline, they finished the endless bickering, and the project actually began to move forward.

Is land acquisition difficult? Shen Shixing carried out demolition and construction for the sections where the expressways passed, and the efficiency of his actions exceeded Zhu Yijun's expectations.

The main reason for such smoothness was the four Feng Shui masters and their disciples who ran to the Songjiang Prefecture government office to sit and ask for rewards. Clearly, they didn't look at the almanac when they went out. They were sent to Java to refine oil by Shen Shixing, plus the public beheading of Yuan Shen in Chongyi Square, which made things exceptionally smooth.

The method of land requisition is to give a certain amount of compensation or exchange land. If they don't accept it and put forward unreasonable demands, naturally someone will go to persuade them with good words. Most of them are local gentry.

The expressways of Songjiang Prefecture have entered the cities: Shanghai County, Pudong County, Huating County, and Qingpu County—all have entered the cities.

The powerful and influential families and the local gentry actually knew very well that once the expressways were built, it would be a great thing to drive Songjiang Prefecture further forward. Their previous obstruction was just to demand benefits. Seeing that Shen Shixing, this "old good man," was about to be driven to desperation and was ready to kill, the powerful and influential families had to give up temporarily.

The next morning, the autumn wind was bleak, Zhu Yijun appeared in the Wenhua Hall and started the daily court meeting.

"If you have something to say, play it. If you have nothing, roll the curtain and retreat." Feng Bao flicked his whisk and announced that today's court meeting had begun.

"Your subject, beg to return to his hometown." Hence Hai Rui went out of the class, took out a memorial solemnly, presented it to the monarch, performed the great ceremony of five kowtows and three bows, and thanked the monarch for his grace.

He had been back in the court for twelve years. Hence Hai Rui felt worthy of His Majesty's recruitment from thousands of miles away. He asked himself that he had a clear conscience, but this time it was indeed his own mistake.

"Not allowed." Zhu Yijun didn't look at the memorial either, directly drew an 'x' on the memorial, and returned it to the Grand Secretariat.

"I know, some bastards, recently said: Hai Qingtian, Hai Yama is about the same!" Zhu Yijun knew very well what happened, he sneered and said: "A worm died, and you want me to remove a minister? Do you think I am a ten-year-old child who is so easy to fool?"

Specifically, this divine sword of Hence Hai Rui, anti-corruption, had problems.

The essence of corruption cases is power-money trading. Because power is not completely controlled by a certain person, the most important thing to transport bribes is to be comprehensive. The amount of silver is important, but sending it to everyone is important. This is the art of bribery, and you must not miss anyone.

Once the silver is not given to a specific person, this person has no ability to succeed, but has great ability to ruin things.

The comprehensive nature of corruption cases determines that every anti-corruption is a nest case, pulling out the radish and bringing out the mud, involving a wide range of people.

The gunpowder in the assassination case of Wang Chonggu was put into the capital by the patrolling censor Zhao Chengfan. After Zhao Chengfan was arrested, Hence Hai Rui followed the clues and investigated deeply.

Investigating and investigating, he found the Shuntian Prefecture judge Huang Chun.

This Huang Chun was honest and honest. He lived quite frugally on weekdays, and he was in plain clothes except for his official uniform. His reputation was good. Hence Hai Rui actually did not grasp the solid evidence, so he did not send the judge Huang Chun to the Northern Town Fusi for interrogation, but in the Censorate.

Hence Hai Rui hadn't found anyone to ask questions, and this Huang Chun didn't say a word, and hit the pillar in the Censorate and died.

Huang Chun's reputation was good, which meant that he was very cautious in doing things on weekdays, did not leave many clues, and had no evidence. After committing suicide to prove his innocence, Hence Hai Rui immediately became the target of public criticism, and all kinds of messy rumors spread everywhere.

Hence Hai Rui was no longer Hai Gangfeng, but Hai Yama.

And the reason why Hence Hai Rui had to resign was Huang Chun's mother, who went to the Censorate to make trouble. The movement was very large, saying that the Censorate was investigating the case, forcing the palace with torture, and Huang Chun could not bear the humiliation and hit the pillar and died.

Facing this mess, Hence Hai Rui could not argue, and could only resign.

"Tishuai!" Zhu Yijun looked at Zhao Mengyou.

"The subject is here!" Zhao Mengyou answered loudly.

Zhu Yijun's face was cold and severe, and said: "The Huang Chun case, the Northern Town Fusi Tishuai will take over. You must investigate the origin, especially whether Huang Chun was involved in corruption and assassination cases. You must investigate to the end and never be lenient!"

"The subject obeys the decree!" Zhao Mengyou did not shirk.

Before Hence Hai Rui came back, Zhang Juzheng, in front of Hence Hai Rui, said more than once that "curved is complete, rigid is broken."

Hence Hai Rui's anti-corruption efforts are very strong, but the sentencing standards are not strict. For example, Luo Yao, the former Governor of Sichuan who embezzled 340,000 taels of silver, was only stripped of his official status and academic honors. It is rare for such cases to result in loss of life; it mainly depends on the impact of the matter.

The patrolling censor Zhao Chengfan knew that the other party was unkind, but still privately released gunpowder into the capital. This gunpowder went to Wang Chonggu. If it was aimed at His Majesty?

Huang Chun didn't say a word, and hit the pillar directly. If there was nothing behind this, Zhu Yijun would have been an emperor for twelve years in vain.

It was not a big case, but it had to be tossed, so it was handled as a big case!

Struggle has always been like this. You can't retreat a step. Retreating a step is an abyss.

"The subject is ashamed." Hence Hai Rui said with a complex face. Hence Hai Rui felt that he had poked a hole, so he should carry it himself, and it was troublesome for His Majesty to take action, which was dereliction of duty.

Actually, it is simple to calm down the wind and public opinion in this matter. Just push the specific handling person out as a scapegoat. Since ancient times, this kind of pot-throwing has been common.

But Hence Hai Rui did not. He was a bone-stiff official. ===== CHAPTER 637 =====